43. Truths in the Word’s literal sense are meant by the foundations of the wall of the New Jerusalem in Revelation 21. This follows from the fact that the New Jerusalem means a new church in respect to doctrine, as shown in The Doctrine of the New Jerusalem Regarding the Lord 62, 63. Its wall, therefore, and the foundations of the wall, can only mean the outer component of the Word, which is its literal sense; for that is the origin of doctrine, and through doctrine, the church. Moreover, doctrine is like a wall which, with its foundations, surrounds a city and protects it.

Respecting the wall of the New Jerusalem and its foundations, we read in the book of Revelation the following:

(The angel) measured (the city Jerusalem’s) wall, a hundred and forty-four cubits, (which was) the measure of a person, that is, of an angel. (Revelation 21:17)

And the wall had twelve foundations, “adorned with all kinds of precious stones”:

The first foundation was jasper, the second sapphire, the third chalcedony, the fourth emerald, the fifth sardonyx, the sixth sardius, the seventh chrysolite, the eighth beryl, the ninth topaz, the tenth chrysoprase, the eleventh jacinth, and the twelfth amethyst. (Revelation 21:19-20)

The number 144 symbolizes all the truths and goods of the church drawn from the Word’s literal sense, and so does the number 12. A person symbolizes intelligence; an angel, Divine truth from which that intelligence originates; measuring, their character; the wall and its foundations, the Word’s literal sense; and precious stones, the Word’s truths and goods in their sequence, from which doctrine originates, and through doctrine, the church.

29. It is owing to this that the number three in the Word means, in the spiritual sense, something complete and perfect, and everything together. And because this is the symbolic meaning of the number, it is therefore employed in the Word whenever something of that sort is indicated, as in the following instances:

That Isaiah walked naked and barefoot three years (Isaiah 20:3).

That Jehovah called Samuel three times, that Samuel three times ran to Eli, and that Eli understood the third time (1 Samuel 3:1-8).

That David told Jonathan he would hide in the field three days; that Jonathan later shot three arrows to the side of the stone; and that David afterward bowed three times before Jonathan (1 Samuel 20:5, 12-41).

That Elijah stretched himself out on the widow’s son three times (1 Kings 17:21).

That Elijah ordered the people to pour water on the burnt offering three times (1 Kings 18:34).

That Jesus said the kingdom of heaven is like leaven, which a woman took and hid in three measures of meal till it was all leavened (Matthew 13:33).

That Jesus told Peter he would deny Him three times (Matthew 26:34).

That the Lord three times said to Peter, “Do you love Me?” (John 21:15-17).

That Jonah was in the belly of the great fish three days and three nights (Jonah 1:17).

That Jesus said they would destroy the Temple, and in three days He would rebuild it (John 2:19, Matthew 26:61).

That Jesus prayed three times in Gethsemane (Matthew 26:39-44).

That Jesus rose on the third day (Matthew 28:1)

And so on in many other places where three is mentioned. And it is mentioned wherever the subject is a finished and perfect work, because that is the symbolic meaning of the number.